Hipertiroidismo

Agentes antitiroideos

Después de seis décadas de su introducción en la práctica médica, los antitiroideos continúan siendo el principal tratamiento para el hipertiroidismo

Indice
1. Bibliografía
2. Desarrollo

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Tsatsoulis A, Vlachoyiannopoulos PG, Dalekos GN, Johnson EO, Moutsopoulos HM. Increased serum interleukin-1 beta during treatment of hyperthyroidism with antithyroid drugs. Eur J Clin Invest 1995;25:654-658. [Erratum, Eur J Clin Invest 1996:26:341.] [ISI][Medline]
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Mitsiades N, Poulaki V, Tseleni-Balafouta S, Chrousos GP, Koutras DA. Fas ligand expression in thyroid follicular cells from patients with thionamide-treated Graves' disease. Thyroid 2000;10:527-532. [ISI][Medline]
Zantut-Wittmann DE, Tambascia MA, da Silva Trevisan MA, Pinto GA, Vassallo J. Antithyroid drugs inhibit in vivo HLA-DR expression in thyroid follicular cells in Graves' disease. Thyroid 2001;11:575-580. [CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
Totterman TH, Karlsson FA, Bengtsson M, Mendel-Hartvig I. Induction of circulating activated suppressor-like T cells by methimazole therapy for Graves' disease. N Engl J Med 1987;316:15-22. [Abstract]
Wang PW, Luo SF, Huang BY, Lin JD, Huang MJ. Depressed natural killer activity in Graves' disease and during antithyroid medication. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1988;28:205-214. [ISI][Medline]
Corrales JJ, Lopez A, Ciudad J, Mories MT, Miralles JM, Orfao A. Methimazole therapy in Graves' disease influences the abnormal expression of CD69 (early activation antigen) on T cells. J Endocrinol 1997;155:491-500. [Abstract]
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Davies TF, Weiss I, Gerber MA. Influence of methimazole on murine thyroiditis: evidence for immunosuppression in vivo. J Clin Invest 1984;73:397-404. [ISI][Medline]
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Wilson R, McKillop JH, Pearson C, Burnett AK, Thomson JA. Differential immunosuppressive action of carbimazole and propylthiouracil. Clin Exp Immunol 1988;73:312-315. [ISI][Medline]
Cooper DS, Saxe VC, Meskell M, Maloof F, Ridgway EC. Acute effects of propylthiouracil (PTU) on thyroidal iodide organification and peripheral iodothyronine deiodination: correlation with serum PTU levels measured by radioimmunoassay. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1982;54:101-107. [ISI][Medline]
Cooper DS, Bode HH, Nath B, Saxe V, Maloof F, Ridgway EC. Methimazole pharmacology in man: studies using a newly developed radioimmunoassay for methimazole. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1984;58:473-479. [Abstract]
Barnes HV, Bledsoe T. A simple test for selecting the thioamide schedule in thyrotoxicosis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1972;35:250-255. [ISI][Medline]
Jansson R, Dahlberg PA, Johansson H, Lindstrom B. Intrathyroidal concentrations of methimazole in patients with Graves' disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1983;57:129-132. [Abstract]
McCruden DC, Hilditch TE, Connell JMC, McLellan AR, Robertson J, Alexander WD. Duration of antithyroid action of methimazole estimated with an intravenous perchlorate discharge test. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1987;26:33-39. [ISI][Medline]
Mashio Y, Beniko M, Ikota A, Mizumoto H, Kunita H. Treatment of hyperthyroidism with a small single daily dose of methimazole. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1988;119:139-144. [Medline]
Nicholas WC, Fischer RG, Stevenson RA, Bass JD. Single daily dose of methimazole compared to every 8 hours propylthiouracil in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. South Med J 1995;88:973-976. [ISI][Medline]
Hoffman WH, Miceli JN. Pharmacokinetics of propylthiouracil in children and adolescents with Graves' disease in the hyperthyroid and euthyroid states. Dev Pharmacol Ther 1988;11:73-81. [ISI][Medline]
Kampmann JP, Mortensen HB, Bach B, Waldorff S, Kristensen MB, Hansen JM. Kinetics of propylthiouracil in the elderly. Acta Med Scand Suppl 1979;624:93-98. [Medline]
Jansson R, Lindstrom B, Dahlberg PA. Pharmacokinetic properties and bioavailability of methimazole. Clin Pharmacokinet 1985;10:443-450. [ISI][Medline]
Cooper DS, Steigerwalt S, Migdal S. Pharmacology of propylthiouracil in thyrotoxicosis and chronic renal failure. Arch Intern Med 1987;147:785-786. [Abstract]
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Tallstedt L, Lundell G, Torring O, et al. Occurrence of ophthalmopathy after treatment for Graves' hyperthyroidism. N Engl J Med 1992;326:1733-1738. [Abstract]
Torring O, Tallstedt L, Wallin G, et al. Graves' hyperthyroidism: treatment with antithyroid drugs, surgery, or radioiodine -- a prospective, randomized study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996;81:2986-2993. [Abstract]
Ljunggren JG, Torring O, Wallin G, et al. Quality of life aspects and costs in treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism with antithyroid drugs, surgery, or radioiodine: results from a prospective, randomized study. Thyroid 1998;8:653-659. [ISI][Medline]
Andrade VA, Gross JL, Maia AL. Effect of methimazole pretreatment on the efficacy of radioactive iodine therapy in Graves' hyperthyroidism: one-year follow-up of a prospective randomized study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:3488-3493. [Free Full Text]
Nakazato N, Yoshida K, Mori K, et al. Antithyroid drugs inhibit radioiodine-induced increases in thyroid autoantibodies in hyperthyroid Graves' disease. Thyroid 1999;9:775-779. [ISI][Medline]
Singer PA, Cooper DS, Levy EG, et al. Treatment guidelines for patients with hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism: Standards of Care Committee, American Thyroid Association. JAMA 1995;273:808-812. [Abstract]
Kallner G, Vitols S, Ljunggren JG. Comparison of standardized initial doses of two antithyroid drugs in the treatment of Graves' disease. J Intern Med 1996;239:525-529. [CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
Homsanit M, Sriussadaporn S, Vannasaeng S, Peerapatdit T, Nitiyanant W, Vichayanrat A. Efficacy of single daily dosage of methimazole vs. propylthiouracil in the induction of euthyroidism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2001;54:385-390. [CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
He CT, Hsieh AT, Pei D, et al. Comparison of single daily dose of methimazole and propylthiouracil in the treatment of Graves' hyperthyroidism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2004;60:676-681. [CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
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Page SR, Sheard CE, Herbert M, Hopton M, Jeffcoate WJ. A comparison of 20 or 40 mg per day of carbimazole in the initial treatment of hyperthyroidism. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1996;45:511-516. [Erratum, Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1997;46:240.] [CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
Hegedüs L, Hansen JM, Bech K, et al. Thyroid stimulating immunoglobulins in Graves' disease with goitre growth, low thyroxine and increasing triiodothyronine during PTU treatment. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1984;107:482-488. [Medline]
Schleusener H, Schwander J, Fischer C, et al. Prospective multicentre study on the prediction of relapse after antithyroid drug treatment in patients with Graves' disease. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1989;120:689-701. [Erratum, Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1989;121:304.] [Medline]
Vitti P, Rago T, Chiovato L, et al. Clinical features of patients with Graves' disease undergoing remission after antithyroid drug treatment. Thyroid 1997;7:369-375. [ISI][Medline]
Benker G, Rienwein D, Kahaly G, et al. Is there a methimazole dose effect on remission rate in Graves' disease? Results from a long-term prospective study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1998;49:451-457. [CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
Michelangeli V, Poon C, Taft J, Newnham H, Topliss D, Colman P. The prognostic value of thyrotropin receptor antibody measurement in the early stages of treatment of Graves' disease with antithyroid drugs. Thyroid 1998;8:119-124. [ISI][Medline]
Fukao A, Takamatsu J, Murakami Y, et al. The relationship of psychological factors to the prognosis of hyperthyroidism in antithyroid drug-treated patients with Graves' disease. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2003;58:550-555. [CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
Feldt-Rasmussen U, Schleusener H, Carayon P. Meta-analysis evaluation of the impact of thyrotropin receptor antibodies on long-term remission after medical therapy of Graves' disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994;78:98-102. [Abstract]
Schott M, Morgenthaler NG, Fritzen R, et al. Levels of autoantibodies against human TSH receptor predict relapse of hyperthyroidism in Graves' disease. Horm Metab Res 2004;36:92-96. [CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
Nedrebo BG, Holm PI, Uhlving S, et al. Predictors of outcome and comparison of different drug regimens for the prevention of relapse in patients with Graves' disease. Eur J Endocrinol 2002;147:583-589. [Abstract]
Teng CS, Yeung RTT. Changes in thyroid-stimulating antibody activity in Graves' disease treated with antithyroid drug and its relationship to relapse: a prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1980;50:144-147. [Abstract]
Werner RS, Romaldini JH, Farah CS, Werner MC, Bromberg N. Serum thyroid stimulating antibody, thyroglobulin levels, and thyroid suppressibility measurement as predictors of the outcome of combined methimazole and triiodothyronine therapy in Graves' disease. Thyroid 1991;1:293-299. [Medline]
Jorde R, Ytre-Arne K, Stormer J, Sunds-fjord J. Short-term treatment of Graves' disease with methimazole in high versus low doses. J Intern Med 1995;238:161-165. [ISI][Medline]
Wilson R, Buchanan L, Fraser WD, McKippop JH, Thomsen JA. Do higher doses of carbimazole improve remission in Graves' disease? QJM 1996;89:381-385. [Abstract]
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Paschke R, Vogg M, Kristoferitsch R, et al. Methimazole has no dose-related effect on the intensity of the intrathyroidal autoimmune process in relapsing Graves' disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1995;80:2470-2474. [Abstract]
Allannic H, Fauchet R, Orgiazzi J, et al. Antithyroid drugs and Graves' disease: a prospective randomized evaluation of the efficacy of treatment duration. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;70:675-679. [Abstract]
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Rittmaster RS, Zwicker H, Abbott EC, et al. Effect of methimazole with or without exogenous L-thyroxine on serum concentrations of thyrotropin (TSH) receptor antibodies in patients with Graves' disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996;81:3283-3288. [Abstract]
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